Влияние информации о повышении уровня моря на формирование миграционных намерений населения Вьетнама
Научная статья
Выражение признательности
Авторы хотели бы поблагодарить Программу развития Организации Объединенных Наций (ПРООН) во Вьетнаме за разрешение использовать приведенный в настоящей статье набор данных. Авторы также благодарят г-жу Нгуен Тхи Тхань Хуен (ПРООН) за ее ценные комментарии.
Для цитирования
Нгуен Тхи Минь Х., Ха Туан А. Влияние информации о повышении уровня моря на формирование миграционных намерений населения Вьетнама // ДЕМИС. Демографические исследования. 2022. Том 2. № 1. С. 175–190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2022.2.1.14
Аннотация
Миграция населения, связанная с изменением климата и экстремальными погодными условиями, включая повышение уровня моря, вызывает растущую озабоченность. Хотя повышение уровня моря не является основной причиной миграции, нельзя отрицать его значимость как выталкивающего фактора. По мнению экспертов, роль опасных природных явлений, таких как повышение уровня моря, в формировании миграционных потоков в будущем значительно возрастет по сравнению с другими причинами миграции, например, такими как терроризм и вооруженные столкновения. Подобная тенденция обусловлена негативным воздействием изменения климата, которое будет постепенно усугубляться. Однако люди, особенно в развивающихся странах, таких как Вьетнам, до сих пор не понимают всей опасности наводнений, вызываемых повышения уровня моря, поэтому их реакция часто пассивна и нерациональна. По разным оценкам, во Вьетнаме около 31 млн человек, или порядка трети населения, могут пострадать от повышения уровня моря к 2050 году. Это может привести к переселению пострадавших на другие территории и росту числа так называемых «климатических беженцев» в будущем. Используя некоторые данные из базы обследований на индивидуальном уровне, проводившихся в рамках Индекса эффективности провинциального административно-государственного управления (PAPI) во Вьетнаме за 2020 г., в настоящей статье оценивается роль информации о повышении уровня моря в формировании миграционных намерений населения. Объем выборки составляет 7 468 человек. Обследования проводились по всей стране с использованием пяти различных вариантов опроса для пяти случайно выбранных групп респондентов. Результаты анализа с использованием регрессионных моделей показывают, что существует сильная корреляция между уровнем обеспокоенности по поводу наводнений и готовностью к переезду на новое место жительства. В частности, вне зависимости от демографических характеристик респондентов, их уровня доходов и т. д., полнота и ясность информации о повышении уровня моря имеют тенденцию повышать мобильность людей при реагировании на наводнения. Из этого следует, что увеличение объема информации о повышении уровня моря поможет улучшить понимание рисков наводнений и изменения климата со стороны населения, что позволит ему принимать информированные решения и будет способствовать снижению таких рисков.
Ключевые слова:
миграция, повышение уровня моря, изменение климата, информация, снижение рисков, Вьетнам
Литература
1. Arnell N. W., Gosling S. N. The Impacts of Climate Change on River Flood Risk at the Global Scale. Climatic Change. 2016. Vol. 134. Issue 3. Pp. 387–401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1084-5.
2. Kirezci E., Young I. R., Ranasinghe R., et al. Projections of Global-Scale Extreme Sea Levels and Resulting Episodic Coastal Flooding over the 21st Century. Scientific Reports. 2020. Volume 10. Article No. 11629. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67736-6.
3. Ashley S. T., Ashley W. S. Flood fatalities in the United States. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 2008. Vol. 47. Issue 3. Pp. 805–818. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAMC1611.1.
4. Beniston M., Stephenson D. B., Christensen O. B., et al. Future Extreme Events in European Climate: An Exploration of Regional Climate Model Projections. Climatic Change. 2007. Vol. 81. Supplement Issue 1. Pp. 71–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9226-z.
5. Coumou D., Rahmstorf S. A Decade of Weather Extremes. Nature Climate Change. 2012. Vol. 2. Issue 7. Pp. 491–496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1452.
6. IPCC. Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation / Field C. B., V. Barros, T. F. Stocker, et al. (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. 582 pp. ISBN: 978-1-107-02506-6.
7. Hoozemans F. M. J., Marchand M., Pennekamp H. A. Sea Level Rise: A Global Vulnerability Assessment. Vulnerability Assessments for Population, Coastal Wetlands and Rice Production on a Global Scale. Delft: Deltares, 1993. 184 p. URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:651e894a-9ac6-49bf-b4ca-9aedef51546f.
8. IPCC. Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate / Pörtner H.-O., D. C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, et al. (Eds.). Geneva: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2019. 755 p. URL: https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc.
9. Asian Development Bank. Ho Chi Minh City Adaptation to Climate Change: Summary Report. Mandaluyong: Asian Development Bank, 2010. 37 p. ISBN: 978-92-9092-108-0.
10. Myers N. Environmental refugees: a growing phenomenon of the 21st century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 2002. Vol. 357. Issue 1420. Pp. 609–613. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0953.
11. Hay J., Beniston M. Environmental change and migration. Tiempo. 2001. Issue 42. URL: http://tiempo.sei-international.org/portal/archive/issue42/t42a4.htm.
12. IPCC. Climate Change: The IPCC 1990 and 1992 Assessments. IPCC First Assessment Report Overview and Policymaker Summaries and 1992 IPCC Supplement. Canada: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1992. 168 p. ISBN: 0-662-19821-2.
13. Dronkers J., Gilbert J. T. E., Butler L. W., et al. Strategies for Adaption to Sea Level Rise. Report of the IPCC Coastal Zone Management Subgroup. Geneva: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1990. 131 p. URL: http://papers.risingsea.net/IPCC-1990-Strategies-for-Adaption-to-Sea-Level-Rise.html.
14. Lewis J. The Vulnerability of Small Island States to Sea Level Rise: The Need for Holistic Strategies. Disasters. 1990. Vol. 14. Issue 3. Pp. 241–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1990.tb01066.x.
15. Whitmarsh L. What’s in a Name? Commonalities and Differences in Public Understanding of “Climate Change” and “Global Warming”. Public Understanding of Science. 2009. Vol. 18. Issue 4. Pp. 401–420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662506073088.
16. Vogel C., O’Brien K. Who Can Eat Information? Examining the Effectiveness of Seasonal Climate Forecasts and Regional Climate-Risk Management Strategies. Climate Research. 2006. Vol. 33. Issue 1. Pp. 111–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/cr033111.
17. McOmber C., Panikowski A., McKune S., Bartels W., Russo S. Investigating Climate Information Services through a Gendered Lens. CCAFS Working Paper No. 42. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), 2013. 49 p. URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/27887.
18. CECODES, VFF-CRT, RTA & UNDP. The 2020 Viet Nam Governance and Public Administration Performance Index (PAPI 2020): Measuring Citizens’ Experiences. A Joint Policy Research Paper by Centre for Community Support and Development Studies (CECODES), Centre for Research and Training of the Viet Nam Fatherland Front (VFF-CRT), Real-Time Analytics, and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Ha Noi, 2021. 110 p. ISBN: 978-604-326-390-9. URL: https://papi.org.vn/eng/bao-cao.
19. Nurse L. A., McLean R. F., Agard J., et al. Small Islands. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Barros V. R., C. B. Field, D. J. Dokken, et al. (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Pp. 1613–1654.
20. Donner S. D., Webber S. Obstacles to Climate Change Adaptation Decisions: A Case Study of Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Protection Measures in Kiribati. Sustainability Science. 2014. Vol. 9. Issue 3. Pp. 331–345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-014-0242-z.
21. IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Solomon S., D. Qin, M. Manning, et al. (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. 18 p.
22. Small C., Nicholls R. J. A Global Analysis of Human Settlement in Coastal Zones. Journal of Coastal Research. 2003. Vol. 19. Issue 3. Pp. 584–599. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4299200.
23. Nicholls R. J., Mimura N. Regional Issues Raised by Sea-Level Rise and Their Policy Implications. Climate Research. 1998. Vol. 11. Issue 1. Pp. 5–18. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24865972.
24. Anh Dang Nguyen, Leonardelli I., Dipierri A. A. Assessing the Evidence: Migration, Environment and Climate Change in Viet Nam. Geneva: International Organization for Migration, 2016. 104 p. Reference No. ENG0495.
25. Leatherman S. P. Social and Economic Costs of Sea Level Rise. In: Sea Level Rise: History and Consequences / Douglas B. C., M. S. Kearney, S. P. Leatherman (Eds.). International Geophysics Series, Volume 75. San Diego: Academic Press, 2001. Pp. 181–223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-6142(01)80011-5.
26. McLeman R., Smit B. Migration as an Adaptation to Climate Change. Climate Change. 2006. Vol. 76. Issue 1–2. Pp. 31–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-9000-7.
27. Döös B. R. Can Large-Scale Environmental Migrations be Predicted? Global Environmental Change. 1997. Vol. 7. Issue 1. Pp. 41–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(96)00037-4.
28. Weber E. U. Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Global Warming Does Not Dcare Us (Yet). Climatic Change. 2006. Vol. 77. Issue 1–2. Pp. 103–120. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9060-3.
29. McDonald R. I., Chai H. Y., Newell B.R. Personal Experience and the ‘Psychological Distance’ of Climate Change: An Integrative Review. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2015. Vol. 44. Pp. 109–118. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.10.003.
30. Hoffrage U., Lindsey S., Hertwig R., Gigerenzer G. Communicating Statistical Information. Science. 2000. Vol. 290. Issue 5500. Pp. 2261–2262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5500.2261.
31. Operskalski J. T., Barbey A. K. Risk Literacy in Medical Decision-Making. Science. 2016. Vol. 352. Issue 6284. Pp. 413–414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf7966.
32. Weber E. U., Stern P. C. Public Understanding of Climate Change in the United States. American Psychologist Journal. 2011. Vol. 66. Issue 4. Pp. 315–328. URL: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023253.
33. Lazo J. K., Morss R. E., Demuth J. L. 300 Billion Served: Sources, Perceptions, Uses, and Values of Weather Forecasts. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2009. Vol. 90. Issue 6. Pp. 785–798. URL: https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2604.1.
34. Roncoli C., Ingram K., Kirshen P. Reading the Rains: Local Knowledge and Rainfall Forecasting among Farmers of Burkina Faso. Society and Natural Resources. 2002. Vol. 15. Issue 5. Pp. 411–430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920252866774.
35. Gilles J., Thomas J. L., Valdivia C., Yucra E. S. Laggards or Leaders: Conservers of Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Bolivia. Rural Sociology. 2013. Vol. 78. Issue 1. Pp. 51–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12001.
36. Irwin A. From Deficit to Democracy (Re-visited). Public Understanding of Science. 2014. Vol. 23. Issue 1. Pp. 71–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662513510646.
37. Evans L., Milfont T. L., Lawrence J. Considering Local Adaptation Increases Willingness to Mitigate. Global Environmental Change. 2014. Vol. 25. Pp. 69–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.12.013.
38. Carr E. R. Placing the Environment in Migration: Environment, Economy, and Power in Ghana’s Central Region. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. 2005. Vol. 37. Issue 5. Pp. 925–946. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a3754.
39. Perez C., Jones E. M., Kristjanson P., et al. How Resilient are Farming Households and Communities to a Changing Climate in Africa? A Gender-Based perspective. Global Environmental Change. 2015. Vol. 34. Pp. 95–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.06.003.
40. McKune S. L., Borresen E. C., Young A. G., et al. Climate Change through a Gendered Lens: Examining Livestock Holder Food Security. Global Food Security. 2015. Issue 6. Pp. 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2015.05.001.
41. Felli R., Castree N. Neoliberalising Adaptation to Environmental Change: Foresight or Foreclosure? Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. 2012. Vol. 44. Issue 1. Pp. 1–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a44680.
2. Kirezci E., Young I. R., Ranasinghe R., et al. Projections of Global-Scale Extreme Sea Levels and Resulting Episodic Coastal Flooding over the 21st Century. Scientific Reports. 2020. Volume 10. Article No. 11629. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67736-6.
3. Ashley S. T., Ashley W. S. Flood fatalities in the United States. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. 2008. Vol. 47. Issue 3. Pp. 805–818. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAMC1611.1.
4. Beniston M., Stephenson D. B., Christensen O. B., et al. Future Extreme Events in European Climate: An Exploration of Regional Climate Model Projections. Climatic Change. 2007. Vol. 81. Supplement Issue 1. Pp. 71–95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9226-z.
5. Coumou D., Rahmstorf S. A Decade of Weather Extremes. Nature Climate Change. 2012. Vol. 2. Issue 7. Pp. 491–496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1452.
6. IPCC. Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation / Field C. B., V. Barros, T. F. Stocker, et al. (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. 582 pp. ISBN: 978-1-107-02506-6.
7. Hoozemans F. M. J., Marchand M., Pennekamp H. A. Sea Level Rise: A Global Vulnerability Assessment. Vulnerability Assessments for Population, Coastal Wetlands and Rice Production on a Global Scale. Delft: Deltares, 1993. 184 p. URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:651e894a-9ac6-49bf-b4ca-9aedef51546f.
8. IPCC. Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate / Pörtner H.-O., D. C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, et al. (Eds.). Geneva: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2019. 755 p. URL: https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc.
9. Asian Development Bank. Ho Chi Minh City Adaptation to Climate Change: Summary Report. Mandaluyong: Asian Development Bank, 2010. 37 p. ISBN: 978-92-9092-108-0.
10. Myers N. Environmental refugees: a growing phenomenon of the 21st century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 2002. Vol. 357. Issue 1420. Pp. 609–613. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2001.0953.
11. Hay J., Beniston M. Environmental change and migration. Tiempo. 2001. Issue 42. URL: http://tiempo.sei-international.org/portal/archive/issue42/t42a4.htm.
12. IPCC. Climate Change: The IPCC 1990 and 1992 Assessments. IPCC First Assessment Report Overview and Policymaker Summaries and 1992 IPCC Supplement. Canada: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1992. 168 p. ISBN: 0-662-19821-2.
13. Dronkers J., Gilbert J. T. E., Butler L. W., et al. Strategies for Adaption to Sea Level Rise. Report of the IPCC Coastal Zone Management Subgroup. Geneva: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 1990. 131 p. URL: http://papers.risingsea.net/IPCC-1990-Strategies-for-Adaption-to-Sea-Level-Rise.html.
14. Lewis J. The Vulnerability of Small Island States to Sea Level Rise: The Need for Holistic Strategies. Disasters. 1990. Vol. 14. Issue 3. Pp. 241–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1990.tb01066.x.
15. Whitmarsh L. What’s in a Name? Commonalities and Differences in Public Understanding of “Climate Change” and “Global Warming”. Public Understanding of Science. 2009. Vol. 18. Issue 4. Pp. 401–420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662506073088.
16. Vogel C., O’Brien K. Who Can Eat Information? Examining the Effectiveness of Seasonal Climate Forecasts and Regional Climate-Risk Management Strategies. Climate Research. 2006. Vol. 33. Issue 1. Pp. 111–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/cr033111.
17. McOmber C., Panikowski A., McKune S., Bartels W., Russo S. Investigating Climate Information Services through a Gendered Lens. CCAFS Working Paper No. 42. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), 2013. 49 p. URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/27887.
18. CECODES, VFF-CRT, RTA & UNDP. The 2020 Viet Nam Governance and Public Administration Performance Index (PAPI 2020): Measuring Citizens’ Experiences. A Joint Policy Research Paper by Centre for Community Support and Development Studies (CECODES), Centre for Research and Training of the Viet Nam Fatherland Front (VFF-CRT), Real-Time Analytics, and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Ha Noi, 2021. 110 p. ISBN: 978-604-326-390-9. URL: https://papi.org.vn/eng/bao-cao.
19. Nurse L. A., McLean R. F., Agard J., et al. Small Islands. In: Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Barros V. R., C. B. Field, D. J. Dokken, et al. (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Pp. 1613–1654.
20. Donner S. D., Webber S. Obstacles to Climate Change Adaptation Decisions: A Case Study of Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Protection Measures in Kiribati. Sustainability Science. 2014. Vol. 9. Issue 3. Pp. 331–345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-014-0242-z.
21. IPCC, 2007: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Solomon S., D. Qin, M. Manning, et al. (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. 18 p.
22. Small C., Nicholls R. J. A Global Analysis of Human Settlement in Coastal Zones. Journal of Coastal Research. 2003. Vol. 19. Issue 3. Pp. 584–599. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4299200.
23. Nicholls R. J., Mimura N. Regional Issues Raised by Sea-Level Rise and Their Policy Implications. Climate Research. 1998. Vol. 11. Issue 1. Pp. 5–18. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24865972.
24. Anh Dang Nguyen, Leonardelli I., Dipierri A. A. Assessing the Evidence: Migration, Environment and Climate Change in Viet Nam. Geneva: International Organization for Migration, 2016. 104 p. Reference No. ENG0495.
25. Leatherman S. P. Social and Economic Costs of Sea Level Rise. In: Sea Level Rise: History and Consequences / Douglas B. C., M. S. Kearney, S. P. Leatherman (Eds.). International Geophysics Series, Volume 75. San Diego: Academic Press, 2001. Pp. 181–223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-6142(01)80011-5.
26. McLeman R., Smit B. Migration as an Adaptation to Climate Change. Climate Change. 2006. Vol. 76. Issue 1–2. Pp. 31–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-9000-7.
27. Döös B. R. Can Large-Scale Environmental Migrations be Predicted? Global Environmental Change. 1997. Vol. 7. Issue 1. Pp. 41–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(96)00037-4.
28. Weber E. U. Experience-Based and Description-Based Perceptions of Long-Term Risk: Why Global Warming Does Not Dcare Us (Yet). Climatic Change. 2006. Vol. 77. Issue 1–2. Pp. 103–120. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9060-3.
29. McDonald R. I., Chai H. Y., Newell B.R. Personal Experience and the ‘Psychological Distance’ of Climate Change: An Integrative Review. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2015. Vol. 44. Pp. 109–118. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.10.003.
30. Hoffrage U., Lindsey S., Hertwig R., Gigerenzer G. Communicating Statistical Information. Science. 2000. Vol. 290. Issue 5500. Pp. 2261–2262. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5500.2261.
31. Operskalski J. T., Barbey A. K. Risk Literacy in Medical Decision-Making. Science. 2016. Vol. 352. Issue 6284. Pp. 413–414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf7966.
32. Weber E. U., Stern P. C. Public Understanding of Climate Change in the United States. American Psychologist Journal. 2011. Vol. 66. Issue 4. Pp. 315–328. URL: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023253.
33. Lazo J. K., Morss R. E., Demuth J. L. 300 Billion Served: Sources, Perceptions, Uses, and Values of Weather Forecasts. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2009. Vol. 90. Issue 6. Pp. 785–798. URL: https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2604.1.
34. Roncoli C., Ingram K., Kirshen P. Reading the Rains: Local Knowledge and Rainfall Forecasting among Farmers of Burkina Faso. Society and Natural Resources. 2002. Vol. 15. Issue 5. Pp. 411–430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920252866774.
35. Gilles J., Thomas J. L., Valdivia C., Yucra E. S. Laggards or Leaders: Conservers of Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Bolivia. Rural Sociology. 2013. Vol. 78. Issue 1. Pp. 51–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12001.
36. Irwin A. From Deficit to Democracy (Re-visited). Public Understanding of Science. 2014. Vol. 23. Issue 1. Pp. 71–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662513510646.
37. Evans L., Milfont T. L., Lawrence J. Considering Local Adaptation Increases Willingness to Mitigate. Global Environmental Change. 2014. Vol. 25. Pp. 69–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.12.013.
38. Carr E. R. Placing the Environment in Migration: Environment, Economy, and Power in Ghana’s Central Region. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. 2005. Vol. 37. Issue 5. Pp. 925–946. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a3754.
39. Perez C., Jones E. M., Kristjanson P., et al. How Resilient are Farming Households and Communities to a Changing Climate in Africa? A Gender-Based perspective. Global Environmental Change. 2015. Vol. 34. Pp. 95–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.06.003.
40. McKune S. L., Borresen E. C., Young A. G., et al. Climate Change through a Gendered Lens: Examining Livestock Holder Food Security. Global Food Security. 2015. Issue 6. Pp. 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2015.05.001.
41. Felli R., Castree N. Neoliberalising Adaptation to Environmental Change: Foresight or Foreclosure? Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space. 2012. Vol. 44. Issue 1. Pp. 1–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/a44680.
Статья
Поступила: 15.11.2021
Опубликована: 28.02.2022
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
APA
Нгуен Тхи Минь, Х., & Ха Туан, А. (2022). Влияние информации о повышении уровня моря на формирование миграционных намерений населения Вьетнама. ДЕМИС. Демографические исследования, 2(1), 175–190. https://doi.org/10.19181/demis.2022.2.1.14
Раздел
Демография зарубежных стран
